Definition and Examples of Rhetorical Schemes

Definition and Examples of Rhetorical Schemes Plan is a term in old style talk for any of the hyperboles: a deviation from ordinary word request. Here are instances of plan being used by celebrated creators, just as definitions from different writings: Models and Observations Plans incorporate such gadgets as similar sounding word usage and sound similarity (that intentionally organize sounds, as in The Leith police dismisseth us) and direct opposite, chiasmus, peak, and let-down (that orchestrate words for impact, as in the traverse expressing One for all and just for one).(Tom McArthur, The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)There is a hypothesis going back to old style times that explanatory figures or plans began as types of articulation utilized normally by individuals in conditions of extraordinary feeling (Brinton 1988:163), that they are, actually, imitative of passionate states. . . . Hence, explanatory figures of exclusion, strange word request or reiteration are held to be imitative of genuine unsettling influences of language in enthusiastic settings, which, thus, reflect sentiments and passionate states, for example, outrage, distress, resentment or consternation...Now while it is without a doubt genuine that s uch plans as aposiopesis (severing an articulation before it is finished), hyperbaton or redundancy are every now and again identified with enthusiastic states, it should likewise be understood that the entire store of logical plans speaks to a framework which gives a large number of conceivable outcomes of communicating implications, among which feelings structure only one variety. (Wolfgang G. Mã ¼ller, Iconicity and Rhetoric, The Motivated Sign, ed. by Olga Fischer and Max Nnny. John Benjamins, 2001) Elements of Schemes Notwithstanding organizing reality, the plans assist scholars with sorting out and coordinate their associations with perusers. As vehicles for social association, they can Signal the degree of convention (high, center, low) also [as] nearby moves over these levels;Control the enthusiastic power of prosecranking it up here, tightening it down there;Showcase the essayists mind and order over their medium;Enlist perusers into collective connections, welcoming them to want the fruition of an example once they get its substance (Burke, Rhetoric of Motives 58-59).  (Chris Holcomb and M. Jimmie Killingsworth, Performing Prose: The Study and Practice of Style in Composition. SIU Press, 2010) Tropes and Schemes in The Garden of Eloquence [Henry] Peacham [in The Garden of Eloquence, 1577] partitions his treatment of non-literal language into tropes and plans, the distinction being that in the Trope there is a chaunge of signifycation, however not in the Scheme (sig. E1v). Tropes are additionally isolated into tropes of words and sentences, and plans are likewise separated into syntactic and expository plans. Linguistic plans go amiss from customs of talking and composing and are partitioned into orthographical and grammatical plans. Explanatory plans include qualification and doe remove the wearinesse of our normal and dayly speach, and doe style a charming, sharpe, obvious and courageous kinde of talking, invigorating unto matters extraordinary, perspecuitie and beauty (sig. H4v). Expository plans apply to words, sentences and intensification. (Award M. Boswell, Henry Peacham. Reference book of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication From Ancient Times to the Information Age, ed. by Theresa Enos. Routledge, 2010) Historical underpinnings From the Greek schemaâ , structure, shape Elocution: SKEEM Otherwise called: figure

Interpret Trends free essay sample

From this I can infer that the individuals who live in the Brisbane city region procure much more than those in the Sunshine city zone. The distinction in normal compensation is $41056. 19. This is a ton of contrast between the two urban communities. Just as taking a gander at the normal income, you can likewise observe the normal; clients are happy to spend in these various territories. The individuals who live in Brisbane city are happy to pay a normal of $15125. 53 contrasted with a normal of $5099. 39. This is colossal contrast of $10026. 14. I can finish up from these outcomes that those living in the Brisbane City region are considerably more prone to spend more available. This will help me when evaluating my items as it will permit me to change the costs to guarantee that I am focusing on customers inside the reasonable value run for them. This will ideally expand my general deals. Piece of the overall industry | The Yard| BBQ’s R us| Outdoorz| BBQfun| 009 of 2000 BBQs sold in Brisbane| - | 500| 1000| 2010 of 250 BBQ’s in Brisbane| - | 75| 100| From the pie outlines above, you can see that in 2009 and 2010, BBQfun was the main open air retailer regarding number of BBQs sold. In 2009, BBQfun sold half of the BBQs sold anyway this dropped in 2010 to 40%. This shows there is an issue with the measure of BBQs being sold and that BBQfun has lost a portion of its piece of the pie. This is presumably because of a need in item advancement as far as the BBQs anyway the way that clients are leaving the store also demonstrates that intense upgrades should be made. Deals Performance | 2007| 2008| 2009| 2010| Total Sales $| 5,000,000| 8,000,000| 10,000,000| 11,000,000| From the outcomes above, you can see that since 2007, the business execution of the organization has persistently expanded. Beginning at $5,000,000 in 2007, the initial 2 years saw a 100% expansion. This has altogether dropped from 2009-2010 in any case, with just an extra $1,000,000 being made. Connecting in with the piece of the pie results, this demonstrates there is likely an enormous space for item advancement just as the organization expecting to improve by and large also! Subjective investigation Currently, BBQfun have 3 primary contenders: The Yard, BBQ’s R us and Outdoorz. The Yard is an extraordinary contender as they deal top of the line quality, Australian items anyway their stores are not situated in Brisbane which makes them to a lesser degree a neighborhood danger. Different stores anyway have either modest or no imported great and are picking up quality in the Brisbane showcase. I have made a poll to request that my clients discover what makes them come back to our store and keep on buying our items restricted to our rivals. Which store do you lean toward buying items from? BBQfun BBQs R us Outdoorz 2. What makes you keep on visiting our store contradicted to the contenders? 3. What do you favor about different stores in contrast with our own? 4. What's your opinion of our client assistance and in which ways would we be able to improve? 5. What's your opinion about the nature of our items? 6. What are the most loved items that we offer? 7. What is your opinion about the area of our store? Simple available Satisfactory Hard to get to 8. Does having an assurance longer than our rivals, impact you to returned to us? I posed these inquiries to 100 of staff in store on a Saturday. The example I utilized was an open door test as I utilized the initial 100 individuals I could converse with. The criticism that I got from the meetings was the accompanying: * Our greatest rivals were sensibly even in wording measure of individuals favor buying items from them. 60% of individuals said that they favor buying from our store anyway this could be a one-sided see as they were in our store at that point. The greatest quality of different organizations appeared to be that Outdoorz offered a phenomenal client care. Evidently they offer free home conveyance, help pressing items and consistently have enough, agreeable staff utilized to help with all enquires. This is something where we can hope to improve. * Our client assistance is seen as incredible anyway the primary upgrades I accumulated were that we have to have more staff during occupied periods. This is something to make a move on with the goal that we can offer a more excellent support all things considered. * The nature of our items was seen as exceptionally high. 0% of our clients were very content with our items. Likewise, one of the primary reasons shoppers constantly purchase from us rather is because of the multi year ensure that we offer restricted to different stores. This is something we are exceptionally content with and will proceed to screen and give. * The most loved items that we referenced were the Outdoor Furniture assortment. half were content with the quality and cost and expansive scope of items that we offer. * I additionally found that the area of our store is a major key to our prosperity and gives us an edge over our rivals. Because of us having a major client vehicle leave and being effectively open, we have an edge over our rivals which we will persistently screen to guarantee this stays the equivalent. By and large, from this criticism, we are doing fabulously well notwithstanding on the off chance that we enhance different regions, for example, client support, I’m sure that our piece of the overall industry will increment just as our deals and benefit! Openings and Threats Opportunities * A developing business sector in a high development territory with a critical level of the objective market still not mindful of BBQfun’s offer. * Increasing deals openings outside of our objective region †more prominent Brisbane Threats Competition from neighborhood independents that can decrease costs as proprietor works lower than our staff-run stores. * Competition from mainstream stores moving into the Brisbane advertise. * A droop in the economy decreasing customer’s extra cash spent o n open air ways of life. Evaluation Task 2: Analyze subjective information †report BBQfun’s showcasing procedure is taking a gander at using a promoting financial plan of $250,000 for the year. They are hoping to target nearby letter box drops, radio and magazines. BBQfun will utilize standard mail and neighborhood publicizing, with coupon embeds in the BrisNews magazine liable to be the best of the battles. There will be no separation or deceptive practices. Word related Health and Safety Act This guarantees the clients and representatives are constantly taken care of and given a sheltered situation to work or shop in. Kelly Marie Vidler S10268 Interpret showcase patterns and improvements Assessment Task 1: Draft Report Kelly Marie Vidler S10268 Interpret advertise patterns and advancements Assessment Task 2: Analyze subjective information report Kelly Marie Vidler S10268 Interpret showcase patterns and advancements Assessment Task 3: Market investigation report and introduction

Competitive Rivalry

Competitive Rivalry INTRODUCTIONThe factor of competitive rivalry has significant impact on the competitive environment a company operates in because the degree of competitiveness has direct impact on the potential for profit that a company can expect. A highly competitive market may end up being detrimental to all companies involved, with lower profit margins and less ability to decide price points.A highly competitive market may act as a barrier to entry for new companies considering joining the fray. Since the profit potential is not high, there may be less incentive to invest in the market. On the other hand, low competition may make the market attractive to potential new entrants.Forms of Industry RivalryThe competitive pressure in an industry may manifest itself through a number of different tactics. These can include competition based on price, advertising wars, new products, etc. The rivalry may gain traction when a company feels pushed by a competitor or identifies an opportunity to grow its sh are of the market. Whatever the reason, the actions of one company will have an impact on competitors. In turn, they will take action to retaliate against these actions. This has the potential of turning into a cycle which may end up harming the industry as a whole.If the competition ends up being based on price, it can become very unstable and affect profit margins. On the other hand, advertising battles may end up raising the demand for a profit across the industry.FACTORS DETERMINING COMPETITIVE RIVALRY The last of Porter’s five forces deals with firms competing within the industry and the extent to which they exert pressure on each other. This pressure leads to limits on the profit potential of these firms. In industries where there is fierce competitive rivalry to contend with, there are efforts to gain the most profit and market share from each other. This battle can end up decreasing the potential for profit for all of the companies. © Entrepreneurial Insights based on the concept of Porters 5 ForcesIn this article we will look at 1) an introduction to competitive rivalry, 2) the factors determining competitive rivalry, 3) analyzing the intensity of rivalry, 4) the consumer benefits of competitive rivalry, 5) the challenges and opportunities for companies in a competitive market, and 6) an example of Canon  Inc.INTRODUCTIONThe factor of competitive rivalry has significant impact on the competitive environment a company operates in because the degree of competitiveness has dire ct impact on the potential for profit that a company can expect. A highly competitive market may end up being detrimental to all companies involved, with lower profit margins and less ability to decide price points.A highly competitive market may act as a barrier to entry for new companies considering joining the fray. Since the profit potential is not high, there may be less incentive to invest in the market. On the other hand, low competition may make the market attractive to potential new entrants.Forms of Industry RivalryThe competitive pressure in an industry may manifest itself through a number of different tactics. These can include competition based on price, advertising wars, new products, etc. The rivalry may gain traction when a company feels pushed by a competitor or identifies an opportunity to grow its share of the market. Whatever the reason, the actions of one company will have an impact on competitors. In turn, they will take action to retaliate against these action s. This has the potential of turning into a cycle which may end up harming the industry as a whole.If the competition ends up being based on price, it can become very unstable and affect profit margins. On the other hand, advertising battles may end up raising the demand for a profit across the industry.FACTORS DETERMINING COMPETITIVE RIVALRY © Entrepreneurial InsightsThe structure and nature of an industry may determine the nature of the competitive rivalry that may exist in it. Some of the factors that may make an industry competitive include:Multiple Equal Competitors: If an industry has numerous competitors who all operate at an equal level of product or service quality, then there is a higher threat of competition. Companies may feel the need to engage in more aggressive activities to gain a higher share of the market If they do not enjoy any sort of clear advantage over competitors.Sluggish Growth within the Industry: If the industry does not enjoy a rapid growth rate, then the only way for a company to increase its market share is to take it away from a competitor. There is also a higher degree of protectiveness towards any existing share in the market, as once lost, it may be hard to regain.Higher Fixed Costs: If fixed costs within an industry are higher, then there may be more pressure to produce at full capacit y in order to achieve economies of scale. In order to ensure that this stock is cleared, companies may guard their market share aggressively and also try to obtain more as well. In addition, to ensure that this stock is cleared, the company may have to sell at lower prices.Undifferentiated Product: If the main product of an industry is generic and there are no grounds to base differentiation on, then the products may be treated as a commodity. This means that consumer choice will be based on price and value for money. This will naturally lead to price based competition.Switching Costs: If there are little or no switching costs for a consumer then the industry may be more competitive. This happens often in undifferentiated industries or ones where the products are very similar in benefits, features and quality.Capacity Increases: If the need for economies of scale warrants an increase in production capacity, then there may be a brief disruption in the demand and supply of the market. This may result in overcapacity of products and price cutting to make sure products do not remain unsold.Diversity of Competition: If the industry is made of different types of companies who differ in their origins and strategies, then there may be diverse ways to do business. These alternate methods may change the nature of competition and the way of doing business.Strategic Focus: Often a company may have high stakes in ensuring that it stays in business over the long term. In this situation, the company may sacrifice short term profitability to ensure its long term presence in the market. These companies will focus foremost on maintaining and growing market share.Barriers to Exit: If there are barriers to exit within the industry, then companies with low profit and growth may also have to remain active. In these cases, there will be competitive pressure to stay relevant and earn profits by any means necessary. Some potential exit barriers may be the result of ownership of specia lized assets, fixed costs of exit and governmental regulations.ANALYZING INTENSITY OF RIVALRYWhile trying to assess whether there are likely to be high competitive pressures within an industry, a company can ask the following questions:Are there numerous competing firms in the industry?Are these competitors generally of an equal size in their operations?Do these competitors have similar shares in the market?Is the industry growing slowly or rapidly?Are fixed costs low or high?Are products differentiated or generic?Are there any switching costs?Is brand loyalty an important factor?Does any company have more brand loyalty than others?Are competitors diverse in their operations and strategies?Is there unused production capacity?Is there over production?Are there any barriers to exit?CONSUMER BENEFITS OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRYThough potentially detrimental to the profit potential of an industry, high levels of competition can benefit the consumer in a number of ways. Competition is often s ought after by regulators and consumers in order to create a strong and effective market. Through healthy competition, consumers can end up getting the best value for their money which they otherwise may not. Competition allows consumers a variety of choices in who provides the product or service that they are interested in.Competition encourages companies to innovate, utilize production capacity, reduce costs and increase efficiency. If done right, competition can help foster a productive economy.Potential Benefits of Competitive MarketsA competitive market offers many potential benefits including lower prices, economic growth, incentive to keep costs of production low, technological improvements and advancements, product variety, innovation, quality improvements, and the availability of more information allowing for more informed choices by consumers. Three  Main Benefits1. Innovation Faced with competitors, companies will seek to innovate in order to differentiate themselves from others and gain more consumers as well as market share. This benefits consumers by providing more choices and better quality of goods and services. In extreme cases, these innovations may lead to changes in society and lifestyles. The invention of cars, cellphones and personal computers are examples of innovations with wide-ranging impact.2. Lower Prices When there are low switching costs and a variety of choices, there is always the chance of a consumer moving to a competitor. To avoid this, companies will make efforts to reduce costs of doing business and offer the best possible prices to the customer. Along with the drop in prices, companies will also make efforts to better understand unmet consumer needs and work towards developing products and features to meet these needs.3. Economic GrowthCompetition also drives economic growth. In the technology industry, advancements in smartphones have led to growth in several world economies.CHALLENGES AND  OPPORTUNITIES FOR COMPANIES IN COMPETITIVE MARKETSOpportunitiesA company can choose to treat competition as a positive factor and use it to build a better and stronger business. If there is more than enough market share available, then there is a chance of a company becoming complacent and take the customer for granted. Customer service, product quality and innovation may also suffer. Here are some ways in which competition can benefit the business.Better Customer Service: When faced with the threat of more competition, it is a good idea to evaluate and appreciate all customers and figure out the best way to serve their needs. With customer loyalty secured, it will be easier to retain customers if a stronger or more aggressive competitor comes around.Innovation: When a market is served by multiple similar companies selling similar products, then it becomes necessary to focus on innovation. Innovation allows a company to stay ahead of trends and continue to serve customers proactively.A Focus on Strengths and Weak nesses: When trying to manage competition, a company’s own strengths and weaknesses are highlighted. This helps focus on the things that are being done well and allows a company to continue to do them better.A Focus on Key Customers: If a competitor is after a company’s share of the market, it becomes necessary for the company to identify and retain those customers that make up a larger chunk of the business. This means that the right people are paid attention and better ways are devised to fulfill their needs.Threat Identification: In dealing with competitors, a company learns to keep a vigilant eye on any plans, strategies, new technology or products that a competitor may introduce to the market and become a possible problem.Business and Market Growth: Competitive rivalry in an industry come up with new and innovative ways to serve customers. There is more inventive solutions and original ideas leading to a more exciting and growing market.Solutions to Industry Wide Problems: With more players in the market, there are also more ideas and more support for common issues and their solutions. Companies can be in a better position to negotiate with common suppliers, or a strong regulatory body.ChallengesAs expected, a highly competitive industry comes with its unique set of challenges. More competition can lead to marker saturation. This means that the supply in the market is either more than the demand or it is the same. A saturated market means both limited profits and limited growth.Higher Costs: The higher the competition, the more money needs to be spent on activities to make a company stand out in the crowd. This means more RD costs, higher quality products, innovation, new products, and consistent relationship building with customers.Low Customer Growth: More competition means that there is no new demand for a product and that all customers are being served by either one company or the other. The revenue being earned remains consistent with little chan ce of increase or access to new business. This limited profit means limited growth potential for the company.High Pressure to Grow: With fewer customers to compete for, a company may need to look outward and find new markets to serve or new products to offer. This means researching potential business ideas and new markets.Product Irrelevance: With more competition there may be less of a demand for a particular product. In order to move this inventory, a company may have to mark down prices to ensure sales. Profit is lost in such cases.EXAMPLE  CANON INC. © Wikimedia commons | Wordmark of CanonCanon is a multinational company that originated in Japan, with headquarters based in Ota, Tokyo. The company specializes primarily in manufacturing of imaging and optical products. This includes cameras, video cameras, photocopy machines, computer printers, and medical equipment.In 1937, Precision Optical Instruments laboratory was created by a group of people in Tokyo. The first cameras produced by the company used Nikkor lenses, produced by the company that later became Nikon. The company has always been focused on innovation. Some of its achievements have included the development of Japan’s first indirect X-ray camera in 1940. In 1958, the company introduced a field zoom lens for television broadcasting. In 1959, it introduced the Reflex Zoom 8 which was the first movie camera with a zoom lens in the world. In 1964, Canon launched the first Japanese made 10 key calculator.In the early 70s, the company launched a high end SLR camera and an FD lens range and the world’s first camera with an embedded micro-computer. In the 80s the company launched an inkjet printer and its Electro-Optical System or the EOS. In the 90s the company introduce the first camera with eye controlled AF and its first digital camera. The company launched its camcorder in the late 90s and an LCD projector in 2004.Digital Camera MarketThe company has manufactured and sold digital cameras since 1984. It launched the RC series and followed these with the PowerShot and Digital IXUS series’. Canon also introduced the EOS series of DSLRs which include both consumer and professional models.With the increasing trend to use cellphone cameras, there has been a fall in compact camera sales. This has been felt by Canon as well, with operating profits in the first quarter of 2013 falling by 34 percent.Competitive Rivalry in the Industry Over the years, there have been significant competition in the camera business. The big three companies that enjoy the most profits are Canon, Nikon and Sony. Other major players have included Pentax, Olympus, Kodak, Samsung, Panasonic and Casio.The market is mature and highly saturated. There is slow growth and high exit barriers. Since it is an industry that requires specialized expertise and assets as well as capital investments, it would not be easy for a company to leave the market. Each new product development is met and matched by competitors so that products by Nikon and Canon have little or no difference in their quality and features. Differentiation is based on brand loyalty alone.The industry structure is such that the few major players are innovators while the others settle to follow and serve a smaller share of the market. Bigger companies have maintained longer term success by the ability to leverage their technology into similar complimentary products and markets. For example, the launch of video cameras, printers and copiers are a good diversification of business.With the remaining m arket for compact cameras, there is little scope for brand loyalty as customers are focused on best value and quality for their money. Differentiation based on brand image is still stronger in the DSLR market as most buyers are professionals who value specific features and benefits.In general, the competition in the market for digital cameras in extremely high, intense and aggressive. There needs to be a constant focus on the environment and competitor moves as well as consistent product development and technological innovation.Image credit:  Wikimedia commons | Wordmark of Canon under public domain.

Spoken English - Definition and Examples

Understanding Primary and Secondary Groups in Sociology

The study of social groups is the main focus of many sociologists because these groups illustrate how human behavior is shaped by group life and how group life is affected by individuals. The two groups on which social scientists mainly focus are primary and secondary groups, called primary because they are a persons primary source of relationships and socialization or secondary because they are of less importance but still significant to the individual. What Are Social Groups? Social groups  consist of two or more people who regularly interact and share a sense of unity and common identity. They see each other often and consider themselves as part of the group. Most people belong to many different types of social groups. They could include family, neighbors, or members of a sports team, a club, a church, a college class, or a workplace. What social scientists are interested in is how the members of these groups relate and interact. Early American sociologist Charles Horton Cooley introduced the concepts of primary and secondary groups in his 1909 book  Social Organization: A Study of the Larger Mind. Cooley was interested in how people develop a sense of self and identity through their relationships and interactions with others. In his research, Cooley identified two levels of social organization  that are composed of two different kinds of social structure. What Are Primary Groups? Primary groups are small and characterized by close, personal, and intimate relationships that last a long time, maybe a lifetime. These relationships are deeply personal and loaded with emotion. The members typically include family, childhood friends, romantic partners, and members of religious groups who have regular face-to-face or verbal interaction and a shared culture and frequently engage in activities together. The ties that bind the relationships in primary groups are made up of love, caring, concern, loyalty, and support. These relationships play important roles in the formation of individuals sense of self and identity because these people are influential in the development of values, norms, morals, beliefs, worldview, and everyday behaviors and practices of all members of the group. The relationships play important roles in the process of socialization that people experience as they age. What Are Secondary Groups? Secondary groups comprise relatively impersonal and temporary relationships that are goal- or task-oriented  and are often found in employment or educational settings. While the relationships within primary groups are intimate, personal, and enduring, the relationships within secondary groups are organized around narrow ranges of practical interests or goals without which these groups would not exist. Secondary groups are functional groups created to carry out a task or achieve a goal. Typically a person becomes a member of a secondary group voluntarily, out of shared interest with the others involved. Common examples include coworkers in an employment setting or students, teachers, and administrators in an educational setting. Such groups can be large or small, ranging from all the employees or students within an organization to the select few who work together on a project. Small secondary groups such as these often disband after completion of the task or project. A secondary group does not exercise a primary influence over its members because they do not live in the presence and thoughts of one another. The average member plays a passive role, and the warmth of the relationships in primary groups is missing Primary Groups vs. Secondary Groups An important distinction between secondary and primary groups is that the former often have an organized structure, formal rules, and an authority figure who oversees the rules, members, and the project or task in which the group is involved. Primary groups, on the other hand, are typically informally organized, and the rules are more likely to be implicit and transmitted through socialization. While it is useful to understand the distinctions between primary and secondary groups and the different kinds of relationships that characterize them, its also important to recognize that there can be overlap between the two. For example, an individual could meet a person in a secondary group who over time becomes a close, personal friend or a romantic partner who becomes a spouse. These people become part of the individuals primary group. Such an overlap can result in confusion or embarrassment for those involved, for instance, when a child enters a school where a parent is a teacher or administrator or when an intimate romantic relationship develops between coworkers. Key Takeaways Here is a nutshell description of social groups and the distinctions between primary and secondary social groups: Social groups  include two or more people who interact and share a sense of unity and common identity.Primary groups are small and characterized by close, personal relationships that last a long time.Secondary groups include impersonal, temporary relationships that are goal-oriented.Secondary groups often have an organized structure, an authority figure who oversees the rules, while primary groups are typically informally organized.There often is an overlap between primary and secondary groups that arises, for example, if an individual forms a personal relationship with someone in a secondary group. Sources: https://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-social-groups-primary-secondary-and-reference-groups.html http://www.sociologydiscussion.com/difference-between/differences-between-primary-social-group-and-secondary-social-group/2232 https://quizlet.com/93026820/sociology-chapter-1-flash-cards/

The eminence of Candide is connected Free Essays

Candide, the prognosis of Voltaire accomplished incredible goal and status. Candide achieved heroic tasks.   He always preferred to do ‘the right’, rather easy and enjoyable things. We will write a custom essay sample on The eminence of Candide is connected or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was not following what everyone prefers to do. Though he liked what his metaphysics teacher Dr. Pangloss preached him; the usual ‘because’, ‘therefore’ ‘so’ explaining discourses. Though, Candide found it difficult to understand. The eminence of Candide is connected with relationship that man holds with his companions. Candide makes us sensitized to insights of human sufferings. He finds in his extensive journeys through Europe, Surinam, and Paraguay that journey with good companions is always reduces the burden of boredom. A hero looks for society in any ongoing public crisis that Candide looks for. A hero is more practical and looks for existential matters and gives less importance to metaphysical matters that Candide does. Candide is compensate, gentle, discerning, and benevolent. â€Å"Candide† has established that practically everyone is a hero; this is well established more often by the emergence of â€Å"middle class† hero. The hero looks for overcoming dullness vice our work keeps at bay the three great evils: boredom that is dullness, vice, and needs or wants†. Candide the hero like to work for making life tolerable and manageable, not struggle to prove things. Candide passed through the disturbance near Portugal coast, then he got into the earthquake when he reached Lisbon, and was among plague epidemic in Algerian, he was not upset in theses tumultuous sufferings he passed through, a real hero exhibits such heroic courage. Candide choose to get into sufferings rather avoiding them for an easier path. Human beings are overwhelmed by jealousy, desire, greed, worry, concern, and fear than all the tribulations visited upon a citadel under siege, their Personal sorrow is grief harsher compared to the community misery. Candide finds himself into many situations which expect him to be a hero. He is found making advances towards Cunegund and so was thrown out of Thunder-ten-tronckh castle. Then he bumps gets into captivity of Bulgarians, he selects to run gauntlet and then where he requests them to kill him. Only a hero can ask to be killed normal people are afraid of death and would suffer anything to live. Candide showed different attitude to Bulgarians. Candide passes through the misery of worst earthquake in Lisbon, and comes out unshaken of it, a hero. Another heroic action is Candide’s marries Cunegund to respect his promise though he is not interested in marrying her now. But a hero Candide marries Cunegund to respect his commitment.   Candide got threats from the â€Å"Inquisition and Jesuits† to jail him in Paris, Candide remained unruffled. Paris is the City of chaos, where all are searching for happiness that hardly any one finds. Candide has shown qualities of hero that are regarded heroic even today.    How to cite The eminence of Candide is connected, Papers

IT in Healthcare

Questions: You are to research a real life business example of your choice and the impact of IT on that business. Important points 1) Does business need IT? 2) Why IT is important for business survival? 3) What is required to apply IT into business? (Cost, planning, designing, equipment, installation, training, etc) 4) How does business use IT? (internally such as staff, employees, and externally such as customers, suppliers) 5) What benefits and advantages does IT bring to business? (Revenue, flexibility, reduces cost, etc.) 6) What type of risk does IT bring to business? (security, privacy, confidentiality) 7) How can business maintain and monitor IT? Your report will be assessed on the quality of your research and report presentation. Discussion must be relevant to your chosen business. Your report is to be in the style of a business report. There is a limit of ten pages excluding appendices. Answer: Introduction: IT capabilities in the healthcare sector are more than a necessity now with its application in the healthcare industry is of utmost importance in reducing costs, better infrastructure, monitoring of data and keeping patient records. The risks of using IT resources apply and therefore extra security measures are adopted. Therefore, proper selection of network service is required which can serve the essential features in a medical environment while providing tools for administration. 1. Requirement of IT in healthcare: With advancements in the healthcare sector, IT capabilities are required to improve the services, quality, efficiency and knowledge of the latest medicines. IT can re-engineer the health care system for advancements in educational, cultural, social, financial and technological aspects. Generating solutions to healthcare problems remotely, documenting expenses and resource evaluation for the adoption of IT and adopting IT solution in other healthcare sectors (Kellermann and Jones 2013). IT has already helped for American body AHRQ agency in emergency preparedness of hospitals and other healthcare systems to curb bioterrorism and public health events (Ortiz and Clancy 2003). 2. Importance of IT for Business Survival Implementation of IT services is important for any medical business to survive to maintain high customer satisfaction and faster medical operation. Research is ongoing as to implement IT for improvement in clinical decision-making, expenses, information and communication management and accessibility to healthcare. 3. Requirements of Application for IT in Business Costs: Implementation of RFID requires US$9 to 25 million for the purchase of software, hardware, staffs and consulting services. Hence, for a project to be successful, cost estimation is needed after understanding the scale of the project before implementation. Planning: Scheduling of time is necessary for the implementation of any project successfully. It helps in chalking up a structured and a detailed plan in steps and assist in securing and efficient utilization of resources, monitoring and controlling of the project. Development and Design: For development, design, maintenance of IT systems in healthcare sector HIT or Health Information Technology is developed. It is an automated information system able to reduce costs and human error, increase efficiency while providing better healthcare service to the consumers. Installation: Unusual problems arise during installation and hence, the business that depends on this new product is identified and segregated early on. The system will need access to the online network and therefore installed skilfully so that no significant troubleshooting is required later on and complement creation of new framework policies in future. Training: Training is essential before implementation of any IT products to avoid mishaps, failure, and future troubleshooting can be kept to a minimum. At AHRQ, staffs and employees are trained on the operations of using RFID and HPMS. 4. Use of IT in AHRQ 4.1 Internal Use Staff: Existing staffs are trained on technical operations in training sessions the instructor will host. It is the duty of the instructor to create an environment where the staffs feel free to voice their opinions and difficulties because they may not be proficient in using electronic devices and therefore they will need assistance. Employees: Existing medical employees are taught the operations of RFID and how can it bring effective solutions in healthcare. Instructional manuals are provided for detailed and step-by-step information and how different modules work. Besides, on the job training is encouraged for efficient use of the system. 4.2 External Use Customers: Patient's medical records are shared with the patient and with his/her relatives at a later point in time when required, preventing loss of documents or searching through heaps of physical papers. The service is instantaneous and can be shared online. Suppliers: Suppliers track usage of clinical drugs and get a report of medicines, which are in demand; therefore, supplies made accordingly. It prevents over-storage and negligence of products. 5. Advantages of using IT in AHRQ Revenue Generation: By implementing IT services in health care, AHRQ became a $1.7 billion organization accounting for more than 10,000 employees, the inclusion of 1500 advanced practitioners and physicians. Flexibility: It enables archival of long-term monitoring data, detailed analysis for the planning of costs and network structure, efficient use of virtual environments and hardware, and in-depth analysis of data for pinpointing networking problems. This monitoring tool is constantly looking for the switches and servers at all times, requiring lesser human intervention (Miriovsky, Shulman and Abernethy 2012). For storage of medical images of patients to help healthcare professionals, PACS and VNAs have been developed. A hospital has to plan for the integration of PACS with other internal health IT systems if it wants to implement PACS in radiology department (Deokule et al. 2016). Reduce Cost: Installation of PRTG; a network monitor helped in reducing costs by the purchase of required hardware, detection of issues beforehand and response signs leading to avoidance of emergencies and fewer downtimes. Customer Satisfaction: After implementation of HPMS in AHRQ, the satisfaction of involved employees taken into account, along with their productivity level, and overall improvement in the safety of patients. Similar improvement of performance observed after installation of RFID, which resulted in increased interactivity between doctors and patients, cost reduction and overall management of drugs. 6. Risk of using IT in AHRQ Security: As stated by Magrabi et al. (2013), the organization has developed health device mobility, upgraded the IT related programs and added another stage to EHR for better compliance and security. Privacy Risk: Privacy is of concern for the patients and customers since health websites frequently disclose data of patients and accounts for the second highest data breach. To prevent threats to health safety and information, HIPAA has proposed new regulations at federal and state levels. Confidentiality: Patient records are private and confidential, and it is the responsibility of the organization to protect it at all costs. Leaking to the public can bring drastic consequences 7. Aspects of Maintaining and Monitoring IT in Business To maintain IT, the organization has to implement PRTG Network Monitor. As stated by Aminian and Naji (2013), PRTG Network Monitor, a product developed by Paessler, is a modern network monitoring system and covers all healthcare related services. It has got high scalability which can scale well to any size of networks, from small offices to large fortune companies (refer Appendix 1). Its functions are to capture and analyze the bandwidth, utilize network at its maximum capacity, thereby, allowing other organizations to monitor optimization issues in the network, throttling, and high usage so that bandwidth can be adequately optimized for server workloads (Paessler.com 2016). As per Besson, Von Czettriz and Bax (2014), monitoring, the healthcare framework modern network technologies implemented in new hospitals, laboratories, medical device producers and healthcare agencies in the form of Tracking Assets, Monitoring of patients, Messaging and Communication, and digital medical records of patients. Conclusion IT services are not limited today and has lent its usability to medical and healthcare services and created newer job profiles, which requires both IT and healthcare skills into one. It has its advantages in the form of electronic data storing of patients and sharing, monitoring of services but it also poses risks in the shape of data breaching if propers steps are not taken. PTRG Network Monitor is the best choice for this program providing fair pricing, inclusive of all features used worldwide. References: Aminian, M. and Naji, H.R., 2013. A hospital healthcare monitoring system using wireless sensor networks.J. Health Med. Inform,4, p.121. Besson, M., Von Czettriz, G. and Bax, R., Body Science Llc, 2014.Wireless medical diagnosis and monitoring equipment. U.S. Patent 8,771,184. Deokule, K., Modi, P., Mistry, D., Patki, H., Patel, A. and Abuzaghleh, O., 2016. Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis. Kellermann, A.L. and Jones, S.S., 2013. What it will take to achieve the as-yet-unfulfilled promises of health information technology.Health Affairs,32(1), pp.63-68. Magrabi, F., Aarts, J., Nohr, C., Baker, M., Harrison, S., Pelayo, S., Talmon, J., Sittig, D.F. and Coiera, E., 2013. A comparative review of patient safety initiatives for national health information technology.International journal of medical informatics,82(5), pp.e139-e148. Miriovsky, B.J., Shulman, L.N. and Abernethy, A.P., 2012. Importance of health information technology, electronic health records, and continuously aggregating data to comparative effectiveness research and learning health care.Journal of Clinical Oncology,30(34), pp.4243-4248

History of Online Social Networking in Saudi Arabia

Literature review History of online social networking The history and development of the online social networking is closely interconnected with the development of the internet. The internet, which developed in the early 1990s enabled people to share and access information from a variety of sources. The e-mail enabled communication between people who may be thousands of miles apart.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of Online Social Networking in Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the development of the current online social networking can be traced back to the development of the Bulletin Board services (BBS). This system enabled the users to download and share information with other users. However, the limitation of this system was that the users needed to be connected to the central system via a cord and a modem was used to access the information. The setback of this system wa s that it could only transmit text messages. Another limitation of this system was the fact that it was slow and transmission of messages used to take a long time (Nickson part 2). During the same period, another communication system known as Compuserve was also in operation. However, this system was different from BSS in that it allowed the users to communicate in real time with other users via a forum (Nickson part 2). Another system known as America online (AON) also used to provide services during this period. However, its services were much more advanced that the other two and resembled to the services, which are now provided by internet. The services provided by the AON led to the development of the modern online social networking (Nickson part 2). Classmates.com can be considered as the earliest online social networking site according to the features, which are found in the modern online social networking sites. It developed soon after the development of the modern day intern et. It enabled the users to be virtually reunited with the people who they schooled with. However, the main limitation of this site was that it allowed connection only between people who schooled together. The system could not enable virtual communication of the other people (Nickson part 3). After the launch of Classmates.com many other social networking sites have been developed. These online social networking sites offer different features, which are convenient to their users. Some of the online social networking sites, which were developed during the beginning of the social networking, have survived up to date whereas others have collapsed due to various reasons.Advertising Looking for research paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An important observation is that the emergence of new online social networking site and user-friendly features has led to the decline of the users of the social networking sites or eventu al collapse. The popularity of most of the online social networking sites is restricted to specific areas. The number of users of the social networking sites is usually small in other areas. Currently, the online social networking site, which has the most users, is Facebook. This site has a considerable large number of users in most parts the world. Others, which also have considerably large number of users include, Myspace and Twitter. However, the polarity of the former is usually localized in specific areas. For example Myspace is has largest social networking site in the US but it is relatively unknown in other parts of the world (Nickson part 3). There are also other social networking sites, which are usually formed in specific areas. Due to their feature, they promote usage by people with a specific culture or usage by people in a specific locality. The area in which the online social network usage may relevant may range from an institution to a specific region. The features o ffered by various online social network services are usually varied. However, most of the features are mainly concerned with entertainment of the users of the online social networks. Types of Online social network in Saudi Arabia Online social networking in Saudi Arabia developed due to the increased use of the internet among the citizens. The Saudi Arabian community is mainly Muslim and very conservative. Different online social networks are available in Saudi Arabia. Some of the online social networks are based locally (in Saudi Arabia) whereas there are some, which are mainly for the Arab community of the region. There is also a huge presence of the international social networking sites in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi, being an Islamic society has also developed various online social networks, which mainly conform to their cultural and religious beliefs. To achieve this Saudi also have online social networks, which are restrict the use by only members of a certain gender (either male or female). This is a unique feature of online social networks, which can only be found in Saudi Arabia and other Islamic based countries. The main social networks found in Saudi Arabia and command a large following are discussed below.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of Online Social Networking in Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Facebook – This social networking site was initially used by the Harvard university students. However, this site was later opened to members of the public and is currently the largest social networking site in the world (Nations Para 4). LinkedIn – this is an online social networking site primarily set up for businesspersons and professionals. This online social networking site is among the largest in the world. This online social network site allows the users to connect with other users of the same professional. The site also provides a sect ion where the users can browse jobs or business opportunities. This online social site is highly preferred by the businesspersons and professionals (nations Para 10). American bedu – This is a blogging site set up in 2006 by Carol Fleming, an American woman married to a Saudi husband. The blog concentrates mainly on Saudi issues (The Story of an American Bedu – Carol Fleming 2010). MSN messenger – this is an international blogging site, which is mainly preferred by Saudis due to its secrecy, and the one cannot view the information on other people. Saudi woman – this is a social network site, which is mainly concerned with the issues of the Saudi and mostly women. A person places his blog and anyone can respond to the blog. Jeeran – this is a blogging site for the Arabs. It touches all the issues of the Arab countries. Arab twitter – this is a version of twitter which is an international online networking which is modified to Arabic interface . The Arabic interface was developed so as to accommodate the perception of the Arabic society. However, the content of the social networking site is similar to the content found in all the other online social network sites in all over the world.Advertising Looking for research paper on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Friendster – this is an international social networking site. It allows the users to interact in various ways. It also allows the users to play a variety of games online and download a variety of music online. This site mainly concentrates on the entertainment aspect of social networking. There are also other online social network sites, which can be found in Saudi Arabia. However, these sites have limited popularity. The most popular social networking site in the Saudi Arabia is Facebook. As at April 2010, the number of people who use Facebook to chat had exceeded two million users. This therefore implies that Saudi Arabia is the second largest country in terms of usage of the social networking site in the Arab world. The respondents also indicated that they belonged to different social networking sites. The average number of OSNs, which the respondents belonged to, was two, with the other common OSNs being Twitter and Friendster. However, even though they belonged to differ ent social networks most of the respondents mainly used Facebook and the use of the other social network sites was restricted only for specific purposes. Some of the people usually visit the other social networking sites mainly to check on the latest news and blogs. Factors that influence people to join the social networks Factors that influence the Saudis to join the online social networks are usually varied. Most of the middle aged and schooling Saudis join into the online social mainly to catch up with their friends. This group will join the social network sites due to peer influence, as social networking is the â€Å"cool† thing of the moment among the age group. Some of the people also join the social networking sites so as to be able to communicate with their relatives who may be far away. The youth who are working use the online social networks for business or work related purposes. The women mainly join the social networking sites so as to remove boredom during the da y and chat with their friends. The culture of Saudi Arabia is very strict concerning the relationships between men and women. The young men and women are not allowed to freely mix with the women anywhere, where in the streets or even in some learning institutions. The urge of the young men and women to meet and make friendships with people of the opposite sex is the main reason why most people are involved in the social networking sites. Here the young men and women can freely chat and make friendships without the strict supervision of the members of the society and the promotion of virtue and prevention of vice police. Some of the young people in Saudi Arabia also join the social networks to help remove their boredom (Sterns Para 2). Usage trends of OSNs among the Saudis Most Saudis who are involved in the social network are mainly use the internet to read news and use the social networking sites to comment on the news (Social Media Habits in Saudi Arabia 2010). Among the people wh o mostly comment on the online social networks are women. The women even have their own online social networks, which are restricted to men. The young people are also highly involved in the online social networks. They usually use the online social networks to create friendships and improve on the existing ones. The main reason that makes some of the people not to comment on the social network sites is due to the government monitoring of the activities of the social networking sites. Saudi perception of the benefits of online social networks The Saudis perceptions of the importance of the social networking sites are that it helps remove their boredom. This is the perception of most women who get into the social networking sites. There are some organizations, which believe that they can use the online social networks to undertake their businesses, as it would in the long run be beneficial to them. Some organizations have even created profiles of their businesses in the social network ing sites. These organizations use the social networking sites to communicate with their clients and employees (Shahid Para 4). The Saudis also use the social network sites to socialize with the people of the opposite sex. Through the social networking sites, the Saudis intend on getting good husbands and wives (Sterns Para 19). This would otherwise have been impossible due to the strict nature of the Saudi society concerning the intermingling of the people of the opposite sex. Lack of means of socialization makes most of the marriages in Saudi Arabia to be arranged by the relatives. Factors considered when joining specific online social networks The culture of Saudi Arabia prohibits women from freely intermingling with the men. This has led to the development of various online social networks that are made for women, discussing mainly women issues. The women are generally very actively involved in the discussions of the various issues posted on the online social sites. The young wo rking Saudi men also join the online social networks to create connections with other professional who are in their field of operation. The online networking site, which the young men mainly join, is LinkIn. Through this site, the men help in advancing their careers and create connections, which are very vital for their professional and career advancement. Saudis also consider the privacy of the information posted on the various online social network sites when joining the sites. The lack of privacy of the information, which is posted on Facebook, makes some of the Saudi to use the MSN messenger to chat with other people due to the privacy of the social networking site (Social Media Habits in Saudi Arabia 2010). The main reason for some of the Saudi to consider the privacy of the information is due to the strict government regulation of the content of the social networking sites. The society also regulates what the people view so that it may be offensive to the Islamic culture of th e country. Most of the people mentioned above join the specific networks to obtain certain information. However, they retain their membership in the various other online social networks that they actively participate. In the case of Saudi Arabia the main online social network, that different members belong to is Facebook. Attitudes toward OSNs Most of the younger generations have no objection to the use of the social networking sites. They actively participate in the online social networks and keep in touch with their friends using the online social networks. However, some of the people of the older generation strongly object to the use of the social network sites. This is because Saudi Arabia is a strict society where the actions of people are closely monitored. However, the people of the older generation cannot be able to monitor the action of people on the social networking sites. The parents cannot be able to monitor who their children are chatting or communicating with on the s ocial networking sites. This makes some of the parents to strictly prohibit the use of some of the social networking sites and sometimes even use violence on the kids to prohibit them. A good example of the violence is the case where a parent killed his daughter due to chatting on Facebook. Some members of the society are of the view that the social networking sites are immoral according to Islam. This is because most of the online social network sites allow the free integration of the men and women in the sites. This is immoral since Islam prohibits the free integration of the men and women in social activities. This has made some people develop online social networks, which are specifically designed for use by only a certain gender. Most of these online social networks, which are gender based, are mainly designed for use by the women. The government also considers some of the online social networks to be against the social norm of the society. Therefore, the government closely mon itors the activities of the social networking sites and may even ban the sites, which it thinks are going contrary to the culture and religion of the country. The government even banned the social network site Facebook claiming that it conveyed information that was against the culture of the Saudi Arabia society. Some employers do not encourage the use of the social networking sites as they reduce the productivity of the employees as the employees spend most of their time on the OSNs thereby robbing off the organization the time that the employees would have used to work (Olzak Para 5). Demographic factors of the usage of the OSNs For this part, we will use the details of the use of Facebook, the largest social networking site in Saudi Arabia. The information on the use of the other social networking sites is somehow biased as the sites are mainly used by people of a specific age and the people subscribe to the membership of these online social network sites in order to obtain diffe rent information. However, even these people are members of the other online social network sites most of them have in addition to the sites subscribed to membership of Facebook, the largest online social network site in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, for the study of the demographic factors of the usage of online social networks we will use the data on Facebook as it is used by all the people of Saudi Arabia with the other social networking sites forming a small fraction of the usage of the online social networks. Chart 1.1 use of Facebook according to age Usage of Facebook according to age Source: jazarah.net. Among the users, roughly 53 percent of the users are aged 19-29 years old. Most of the people in this age bracket are either in college or they have just started working. The people in this age bracket also use Facebook to make friendship with the people of the opposite sex, as Facebook does not restrict its usage to members of only a certain gender. Twenty-five percent of the use rs of Facebook are between the age group of 30-45 years. This group comprises of mainly married people and most of them are parents. In this group, most of the people engage in Facebook to do activities that are mainly related to their kind of jobs. Most of the women who are in this group and are engaged in Facebook are mostly there to chat with other women to reduce the boredom. Seventeen percent of the users of Facebook are aged 18 years and below. These users are engaged in the social networking site mainly to make friends and for entertainment. Most of the people in this group engage in online social networking sites, as it is fashionable and due to peer influence. This group is usually very active in producing content in the social networking sites. However, an important factor to note is that most of the members of Facebook who fall under this age group do not use their real name so to protect themselves from parents who may be predatory. Only 4 percent of the users of Faceboo k are in the age group of between 46 and 64. Very few people are involved in the social network site as the older generation generally regards the social networking site lowly. The people of this age group who engage in the online social network do this either due to the nature of their work. However the people who are aged 65 and above do use the online social networks as they generally do not use technology. These people are very conservative and usually take a long tome to embrace advancement in information technology. Chart 1.2: Usage of Facebook according to gender Source: jazarah.net Basically, 66 percent of the users of Facebook are male, 32 percent are female, and the rest are not defined. There are more male users compared to female, as the females are generally restricted to use the online social networking sites. The females also have various online social networks, which are specifically designed for use by the women. The Saudi women are also not very outspoken and hence would not join the online social networks. Relationship status of users of Facebook Most of the users of Facebook do not define their relationship status (69 %). 19 % of the users show state that they are single. 8 % state they are married. Chart 1.3: The relationship status of the users of Facebook according to their profile information Source: jazarah.net Most of the users do not state their relation status so as to maintain their privacy. This is because the information posted causing their relationship status may be used against them by their seniors or the government. An example is when a girl states that she is in a relationship, the parent sees the information, and he has not consented to any relationship by the girl. Some of the people also do not define their relationship status so as to make friends and associate with other users freely e.g. a man would not like to be involved in chatting with a woman who is engaged or married since it is against the norms of the society. The reverse is also true for girls engaging with men in the online social networks. Risks associated with the use of the online social networks The use of the online social networks has many risks. However most of the people continue to use the online social networks some oblivious of the risks whereas others do not know the risks involved in the use of the online social networks. The government regulates and monitors the content that is found in the social networking sites. The government may prosecute and jail some users if they are found to have comments, which are against the culture and religion of the people of the country. The parents also monitor the content of their children in the social networking sites. They mainly try to protect them from socializing freely with the people of the opposite sex as it is against Islam. If the parents find the children chatting with people of the opposite sex they may result to severe punishment as was the case when a Saudi girl was killed by her father due to chatting with a boy. This has made most of the girls to drop their last names in the profiles of their online social networking sites. Most of the girls do not also put their real pictures on their profiles. This prevents other people from determining the identity of the girls. The information shared on the social networking sites is also not secure and may be used by different people against the users of the social networks. The use of online social networks also poses great risks to organizations that use the social networks to conduct its businesses. The social networks are prone to attack by various viruses that may access the information of the companies using the online social network. This is because most of the online social networks do not integrated security systems to protect the users and the information, which is found in the users’ computers. .The employees of different companies can also use the information posted by their employees concer ning different issues against the employees (Harpe p 5). This is because the information posted on the social networking sites is not private. The employees may use the information that may be sensitive as a basis for even sacking of the employees. The employees also use the information on the profile or the postings of the people when they are hiring new employees. Therefore, the postings of certain people may deny them the opportunity to get employment. The postings of other people who are associated with another person may also make the former get into trouble if the person posts information, which some people regard as not conforming to the culture of the society. Conclusion Online social networking is a very common phenomenon throughout the world. The activity usually has many advantages and disadvantages. The society of Saudi Arabia should embrace the activity as it has the potential to help in various areas of the society. During the research, a common phenomenon that I came across is the close monitoring of the activities of the social networking sites. This monitoring prohibits development, responsibility, and the general well being of the society and it should therefore be minimized. Works Cited Harpe, Lisa D. Social networks and employment. 2009. https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:dQV7DZS6PScJ:www.iowaabi.org/documents/filelibrary/events/social_media/Social_Networks_Employment_Law_eBoo_C3A386C1048E1.pdf+employers+using+social+netwoks+to+deny+employmenthl=engl=kepid=blsrcid=ADGEESiiyczmq4qSM6V_TQX8OxVBaFiP7wR-qph6rI6b3VmhGXSVyTt4JG16vKPid86X5kolbzlrG7l723B1yrJR2Z8jIUsQN9Gaa7tc0n3xFKcGMY-lQE99FoBQ-uPB_DltS4eGCH9Asig=AHIEtbS4s02y6cgdGSznjy73CuBXAqTBGw. Nations, Daniel. The Top Social Networking  Sites. 2010. http://webtrends.about.com/od/socialnetworking/a/social_network.htm Nickson, Christopher, The History of Social Networking, digital trends. 2009. http://www.digitaltrends.com/features/the-history-of-social-networking/. Olzak, Tom. Social n etworking risk: Managing the inevitable IT security. 2009. http://blogs.techrepublic.com.com/security/?p=730. Shahid, Amber. â€Å"Facebook will operate as usual.† Arab news.com. 2010 http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article190596.ece â€Å"Social Media Habits in Saudi.† Arabiadigital media across Asia. 2010. http://comm215.wetpaint.com/page/Social+Media+Habits+in+Saudi+Arabia. Sterns, Olivia. Young Saudis bypass social lockdown with Facebook. 2010. http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/meast/03/30/saudi.social.networking.sex/index.html?iref=allsearch. â€Å"The Story of an American Bedu – Carol Fleming.† Saudi-US Relations Information Service. 2010. http://www.susris.com/2010/08/10/the-story-of-an-american-bedu-carol-fleming/ This research paper on History of Online Social Networking in Saudi Arabia was written and submitted by user Jose Porter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Atomic Bomb in World War 2 essays

The Atomic Bomb in World War 2 essays Atomic Bombing: Americas Only Choice It was discovered at the University of Chicago that neutrons striking the element uranium caused the atoms to split apart. The discovery, based on Einsteins E=mc2 theory that mass has the potential to unleash great amounts of raw energy, showed that among the pieces of a split atom were newly produced neutrons. These might encounter other uranium nuclei, cause them to split, and start a chain reaction. If the chain reaction were limited to a moderate pace, a new source of energy could be the result. The chain reaction could release energy rapidly and with explosive force. Albert Einstein informed President Roosevelt about the possibility of the Germans making an atomic bomb. In late 1939 President Roosevelt ordered an American effort to make an atomic bomb before the Germans. This project to produce the atomic bomb was named the Manhattan Project. Industrial and research activities took place at such sites as Los Alamos, New Mexico; Oak Ridge, Tennessee; and Hanford, Washington. J. Robert Oppenheimer, known as the father of the bomb, led the Manhattan Project: he directed the design and building of the bomb from 1943 to 1945. The first atomic bomb was successfully exploded on July 16, 1945, near Alamogordo, New Mexico. There was a debate over whether dropping the remaining two bombs (Little Boy and Fat Man) could be avoided. Many people offered alternatives they saw as more morally justifiable. One alternative was an invasion of the Japan mainland, but most Americans wanted to avoid this option at all costs, since it involved the loss of a predicted one million American lives, as well as huge numbers of Japanese. It has also been argued that a demonstration could have been held for Japanese officials on an uninhabited island. This, if it had worked, would have spared Hiroshima and Nagasaki devastation while still revealing the atom bomb's fantastic power to the Japanese. ...

Patient Diagnosed with Hyponatremia, UTI, Confusion and Alzheimer Essay

Patient Diagnosed with Hyponatremia, UTI, Confusion and Alzheimer - Essay Example Therefore, I will give a thorough analysis of Mrs. M’s condition as I plan the bathing activity and its application. My roles in caring for Mrs. M include ensuring that her dignity and privacy are upheld. More importantly, a patient centered care approach is applied. The care will focus on making the patient safe because of the risks associated with her condition. I am obliged to adhere to the legal and ethical code of conduct while caring for my patient and this includes ensuring confidentiality and respecting her. I will also play the role of ensuring that the care of the patient is documented. Cooney, A, et al. (2000) explain that the Roper -Logan-Tierney model of nursing provides that nurses must document the care that is provided to elderly patients with mental illness. This is important because it provides a point of reference that is important for the management of the patient’s condition. Furthermore, I will be responsible of reporting signs of possible deterior ation of the patient’s condition. The love and belonging needs as stipulated by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are important to the patient especially due to the fact that she lives alone. During the treatment, I will play the role of ensuring that the patient feels loved and cared for so that her social needs are achieved or met. Moreover, Maslow’s theory which describes safety needs can be used to evaluate Mrs. M. The patient has a risk of falling due to the confusion and hyponatremia that she has. As a result, it becomes necessary for me to put the safety of the patient as a one of the top priorities during the nursing care. Mrs. M has a son and a daughter. The assistance that the patient’s daughter gives her illustrates that she has emotional support and love from her family. Sutcliffe (2011) explains that the role of family members in taking care of elderly patients is very important because their social well being is determined by the love and support they get from those who are close to them. Mrs. M lives in Glasgow which is a nice neighborhood with favorable cultural and social factors. This contributes significantly to her psychological and social well being. It is therefore my role to take advantage of the social benefits that the patient has to enhance her wellness and health. I will play this role by encouraging the patient’s daughter to spend more time with her and talk about good moments. This would cause her to be more relaxed and less confused and thus help her to be free from the risks which are associated with her condition. The fact that Mrs. M does not smoke illustrates that her health behavior reduces the risks of quick deterioration of her health. According to Murphy, Gretebeck and Alexander (2007), patient centered care of elderly patients should involve plenty of communication between the care provider and the patient. The role of communication in the care of my patient is very significant due to the conf usion that she often experiences. Through effective communication, I would be able to explain things that are confusing to the patient and therefore enable her to understand her surrounding well. This will help to reduce the risk of falling especially during the bath. Moreover, it is through good communication with my patient that I will be able to determine her health condition, needs, feelings and desires. I will be able to attain the trust of the patient if

Implemented Workplace Technology in TESCO Company Essay

Implemented Workplace Technology in TESCO Company - Essay Example In order for the company to maintain and improve its performance particularly in dealing with increased product and service volume while at the same time controlling costs, it has embraced technological innovation that has had great impacts on the company. Recently, Tesco made a technological innovation known as Augmented Reality (AR) and QR codes that enables the consumers to use computer terminals to scan a product code. The technology allows the consumers to view the 3D images of over 40 products from the entertainment and electronics sections both online and in store thus enabling them to make a decision on whether to have the product delivered to their home or to buy in- store (Shayon 2011, p. 1). Tesco Direct Catalogue requires a marker and a browser plug-in; in order to view the images of the 3D product, the consumer position catalogues in front of their webcam. In addition, the technology can use a television set whereby the set can be expanded virtually to back views, front, and real front so that shoppers can watch film and also play with virtual games that are on sale in the supermarket (Shayon 2011, p. 1).RationaleIt is an undisputed fact that indeed competition has been very stiff among the retailers across the world; each retailer chain is struggling to stay afloat in the market. To achieve this, they look for ways that will boost their sales and minimize costs so as to eventually maximize profits. TESCO is no exception and it has made huge strides towards this end especially in regard to using technological innovation.... In addition, the technology can use a television set whereby the set can be expanded virtually to back views, front, and real front so that shoppers can watch film and also play with virtual games that are on sale in the supermarket (Shayon 2011, p. 1). Rationale It is an undisputed fact that indeed competition has been very stiff among the retailers across the world; each retailer chain is struggling to stay afloat in the market. To achieve this, they look for ways that will boost their sales and minimize costs so as to eventually maximize profits. TESCO is no exception and it has made huge strides towards this end especially in regard to using technological innovation. The main rationale behind the innovation was definitely to boost sales in the long run. Apart from that the technology intended to achieve other goals. First, it intended to integrate augmented reality into the consumers’ everyday shopping experiences. Secondly, the strategy was designed to minimize the use of the in- store space to stock number of returns and products since through the innovation, the consumers will already have information regarding what they want to purchase. Thirdly, it is a way of attracting more customers which will eventually translate to selling of more merchandise. According to Hristov and Reynolds (2010, p. 29), some products do not mean much to the consumers until they actually use them. They further argue that there is less likelihood for a consumer to buy a product that they have not actually used or seen, therefore, the consumers will be keen to anything that brings these products to life. At the moment, the retailer’s seven stores have augmented reality (AR) terminals in five

An Evaluation Of The Impacts Of Tourism Tourism Essay

An Evaluation Of The Impacts Of Tourism Tourism Essay In this project I would like to take a look at the relationship between tourism and the people living in popular tourist locations; specifically the deep impact tourism has on local culture. This topic interests me as although I have never visited the global south myself, many of my friends and acquaintances travel there frequently for vacations. Tourism is sure to have many effects on these destination type communities. I know that many of these destinations are in poorer areas of the world. Some significant effects that tourism has on these areas manifest themselves economically, socially and culturally. Though tourism may create jobs and stimulate the local economy there are some downsides to tourism and aspects of the influx of visitors that may be harmful to local cultures. In my research paper I will analyze the benefits that tourism has on local economies in relation to the social and cultural impact on the community. I hope to evaluate just how beneficial potentially short-te rm economic stimulus is in the face of potential harm to the economy in the long term, local people and local culture. I will discuss this topic globally but with a focus on Southeast Asia and specifically India. My paper will emphasize the important question: is vacationing in a third world country potentially unethical? Or does the stimulus to a developing countrys economy justify the social and cultural implications of tourism and the development that tourism brings in the area. Looking at the ethical issues surrounding this will also be an important factor in determining whether the cultural impacts of tourism is acceptable or justifiable by the economic benefits. In my opinion, although tourism does support economic growth in many communities there is deep and irreversible cultural impact. In Tourism in Destination Communities Shalini Singh looks at an idea by Jafar Jafari the author of Encyclopedia of Tourism. Jafari created the consolidated platforms of tourism. One of Jafaris four platforms is advocacy- that is to say that tourism is capable of economic good. Another platform, the cautionary platform, emphasizes the importance of noting the complex interactions at the local level. The other two platforms are Adaptancy (which is described as pro community tourism) and Knowledge based which is a holistic treatment for community-based tourism (Jafari cited in Singh 2003). Singh and S.W. Boyd (26-30) discuss relationships between tourism and destination communities in terms of win-win, win-lose, lose-win or lose-lose paradigms (Carter and Lowman, 1944; Nepal, 2000). Examples of win-win situations do exist and this indicates that tourism can indeed be economically beneficial to a destination community. The example given by Boyd and Singh is that of Ayers rock (Uluru) wh ich is one of Australias most famous tourist attractions. Although Australia is not a country typically considered to be part of the global south I believe this example is relevant as the aboriginal communities in the area could easily be marginalized and exploited by tourism. The community however takes an active role by defining their relationship with tourism as having control and choice. (Mercer cited in S.W. Boyd and S. Singh: 1994:37). The community participates by providing educational services, which allows them to convey that the religious and cultural significance of Uluru is something to be respected. (Wells, cited in S.W. Boyd and S. Singh 1996:37). The local businesses in the area benefit and are owned by the people of the aboriginal community. This example is congruent to Jafaris platforms of Advocacy and Adaptancy and it shows tourism in this scenario as pro community and capable of economic good. As this situation is economically beneficial to this area, without comp romising or de-valuing the local culture, it is an excellent means of development. Another example where the local community benefits is the win-lose situation, a very salient example being Cuba. The community benefits economically, although mass tourism does not. This is achieved through policies and marketing that emphasizes quality tourism by restricting the number and type of tourists (high spenders, low numbers). The tourism is marketed for exclusivity and affluence and this is done through selective marketing and catering the services towards wealthier people. Cubas tourism industrys markets strategically to target Canadian snowbirds who also take long-term vacations in Florida (Peters 2002:4). Their vacationing for long periods of time in a US location and their ability to spend US currency indicates their affluence. Another strategy is the development of golf courses in the area. Miguel Figueras, a tourism ministry economist and advisor in Cuba, says that golf is a feature t hat can attract higher spending tourists (Peters 2002:5). Strategic tourism planning allows a country to tap into the wealth of the global norths wealthiest tourists allowing maximum economic benefit without mass sharing of what they have to offer. However there are many situations in which local economies lose. This is especially common in coastal-resort based tourism along the Mediterranean coast. These developments only offer short term economic gain and result in long term loss in terms of the community as well as the environment. Although tourism does create many jobs, including direct employment (jobs in hotels and restaurants), indirect employment (jobs not a result of direct tourist spending- such as laundries and banking), and induced employment (jobs created in the community as a result of increased income of members in the community) the majority of jobs are seasonal and part time (D. Ioannides 2003). In addition often much of the money spent by tourists leaves the country. The majority of the money spent by tourists on their vacations goes towards their travel costs and their accommodations. This means the money leaves the country and goes to airlines and transnational corporations who run hotel chains. This can res ult in a good portion of local people sharing their surroundings with tourists without ever actually seeing or experiencing any economic benefits themselves (Krotz 1996:215). Although tourist spending may add an influx of foreign currency to an economy, as well as create a bigger market in terms of demands for goods, which in theory can lower prices, it is important to consider that while tourism receipts rise, agriculture output declines (James Mack, Tourism and the Economy). This is a result of fewer people working in the agricultural sector. In that case the net profit of tourism is actually less than it initially seems, once the loss from agriculture is taken into account. Although some economic benefits resulting from tourism are apparent, there are definite burdens placed upon the destination community. A very prominent challenge is the residents view of visitors and their relationship with them, as outlined by M. Fagence (Tourism and Local Society and Culture). Residents have a negative attitude towards tourists if they do not see immediate and clear economic benefits of their presence, especially in the form of jobs and income. Contrary to James Macks theory that the tourists create a larger market for goods, thus lowering the prices, residents blame tourists for a rise in the price of goods. In a qualitative study by Neha Kala (2008) findings show that tourists are also seen as the cause of increased criminal activity and reduced moral standards by the host community. This is where we have to consider tourism beyond the impacts to the economy. In communities with rich traditional backgrounds some residents see the influence of visiting tourists as compromising to traditional values, as the affluent lifestyles of visitors can be appealing and seductive to the younger generations in the area. The influx of visitors brings the possibility of sometimes unwelcome social or cultural change. In Rajasthan traditional elders often scold children for speaking to tourists. (Joseph 2007:204). Locals see tourism as an exporter of Western lifestyle. (Kala: 2008) Across India, Western dress is popular amongst young males who wear jeans, shirts and baseball caps. (Joseph 2007:211). This is the result of many youth trying to emulate Western tourists (Kala: 2008). Some facets of Western lifestyle however not only replace traditional culture, but also are directly contradictory to them. A priest in Pushkar was quoted in India Today saying The youth here find the openness in foreign girls too tempting. (Joseph 2007:211) This problem is amplified if the host community does not recognize that the behaviour of most tourists are atypical to how the y normally behave and that the behaviours displayed by tourists are reserved for times of recreation, and are not the tourists usual behaviour or even their usual moral standards. Most concerning of M. Fagences findings are that residents blame tourists for reducing the significance of local culture by trivializing and making a commodity of it. In an article by Rosaleen Duffy this idea of culture as a commodity is expanded on. Duffy outlines how tourists are often looking for an authentic cultural experience; however what is considered authentic is nearly always defined by the tourist, resulting in the tourist not really looking for cultural understanding but to serve some other self-serving purpose. Tourists conceptualize their travel stories in a way that assists them in narrating their self-identity. Tourists travel as a means to escape, to broaden the mind, or for self discovery. An illustration of Duffys view that our society uses travel for self-defining and self-narrating purposes, as well as a means to understand culture and for self discovery is the popular movie Eat Pray Love, starring Julia Roberts. In the movie, Liz sets outs after her divorce to e xperience the culture in Italy, India and then Bali. The trailer includes many consecutive images of Liz eating authentic Italian pizza, praying in an old stony temple, touching a painted elephant, brightly coloured flowers being thrown at an Indian wedding, and biking through farmland past villagers carrying baskets on their heads. Liz in the movie is desperate to marvel at something and this is the very notion that Duffy presents in her research as motives that are a felt need for respite from the exigencies of modern life, and/or as authentic projects of self-discovery. In her article, Duffy cites Urry (1994:236-238) who argues that tourism can be reduced to the consumption of signs, images and texts. Evidence that tourism is the consumption of pre-conceived images is in Hillary Brenhouses article (July 22nd, 2010- prior to the release of the movie) where she describes recent vacation packages marketed by luxury hotels and spas to recreate the transformative Eat Pray Love journey . By defining an entire culture into consumable signs and images, tourists participate in the further manifestation of orientalism created by the tourism industry reinforcing images that create a sense of placelessness and even timelessness (Dann, 1996b: 125, cited in Duffy). A demonstration of tourists being consumers of discourses of placelessness and timelessness is the popular tourist destination Rajasthan, in India. The two most marketed marquees of Rajasthan are Royal and Colourful. (Henderson 2007:72). These are the two main features the tourists are looking to consume when they visit. These discourses are prominent in the naming of different locations of the province by tourists and tourism industry. Jaipur is referred to as the Pink City and Jodhpur is known as the Blue City. Royalty links Rajasthan back to the past. Medieval India is romanticized and guests will experience an encounter with a royal past. In this way the Authentic Rajasthan experience is reduced to a few signs and symbols. The most prominent example of a marketing of placelessness and timelessness is the Chokhi Dhani Resort. Located throughout the province of Rajasthan with a few locations elsewhere in western India, this resort is chaired by a NRI (Non-Resident Indian) statione d in Dubai. The Government of India heralds the chain of Chokhi Dhanis as Indias most innovative Tourism Project (official website). The resort is described as a Five-star village resort and includes fifty-five Royal cottages and eight Haveli suites, Havelis being the traditional residences of local royalty. This ethnic village includes conference rooms, spa, fitness, and accepts all major credit cards. What we can conclude from this is that the desire of foreign tourists to experience a sense of timelessness and placelessness is understood and capitalized on. Although this may be trivializing of local culture and history it is important to consider here that many locals are directly participating- and in a way heritage tourism gives them a type of ownership. The foreigners desire to see something that they preconceive as authentic is understood and cashed in on. Most respondents of Kalas study agreed that tourism encourages the mass production of pseudo-traditional arts and that ma ny non-traditional artisans are attracted to this work. This propagates tourists misconceptions because these traditional arts often bought as souvenirs allow the tourist to physically carry the discourse home with them. In some ways however this type of activity increases a communitys sense of pride. The revitalization of some traditional arts such as dance and the propagation of traditional fairs are deemed to be a positive effect of tourism. An example of this is festival of Teej; tourists interest in the festival ensures that every year it continues to be extravagant. Tourists also have a positive effect on the up keeping of historical and religious heritage sites as a result of tourist interest in them. (Kala: 2008) A preserved site is the Ghats in Pushkar, a Hindu pilgrimage site. An increase in popularity of eastern spirituality in the Western world brings many tourists here. Although this creates some inconvenience for Hindu devotees, ownership is taken through religious rhe toric aimed at tourists. Many signs around the Ghats include instructions about how tourists should and should not behave in this place of religious significance. The local priests, similar to the aboriginals at Ulurru, define the significance of this site. However concerned the priests are for the sanctity of the area they are still willing to commodify the religious experience and often perform simplified prayer service or puja for western tourists at four times the price of a native pilgrim. (Joseph: 2007) Although this active role is taken by the locals, religious devotees, and the government, the culture and tradition here is still made available to a consumer for a price. The government protecting the area for the economic benefit can also be seen as the ultimate commodification. This puts a sticker price on the countrys religion, culture and history. Nothing indicates ownership more than putting a price on ones belonging. Although many of these destinations are places of esca pe for tourists, and tourism may introduce some economic benefits to the local area. I believe that the degradation and trivialization of the local culture that ensues is not worth the price. It is however important to remember that as residents of the global north we are poor judges of what is truly beneficial to these regions.

Analysis of Cancer - The Enemy Within Essay examples -- Exploratory Es

Cancer - The Enemy Within      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract: Cancer has been known and feared since antiquity, but its imperative danger could only be realized until fairly recently. Indeed as knowledge of the disease grew in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, fear increased when people became more aware that most cancers had no available cure. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells reproduce without control, destroy healthy tissue, and eventually cause deterioration to the body. This paper is a discussion on how cancer develops and spreads, some of the various types of cancer, and the causes of the disease.    Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply without control, destroy healthy tissue, and endanger life. About 100 kinds of cancer attack human beings. This disease is a leading cause of death in many countries. In the United States and Canada, only diseases of the heart and the blood vessels kill more people. Cancer occurs in most species of animals and in many kinds of plants, as well as in human beings.    Cancer strikes people of all ages but especially middle-aged persons and the elderly. It occurs about equally among people of both sexes. The disease can attack any part of the body and may spread to virtually any other part. However the parts of the body which are most often affected are the skin, the female breasts, organs of the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, blood-forming, lymphatic, and urinary systems.    The various cancers are classified in two ways. The primary body site, as and by the type of body tissue in which the cancer originates. They can thus be divided further in to two main groups; carcinomas and sarcomas. Carcinomas are cancers that start in epitheli... ...r are fatal. In the past, the methods of treatment gave patients little hope for recovery, but the methods of diagnosing and treating the disease have improved greatly since the 1930's. Today, about half of all cancer patients survive at least five years after treatment. People who remain free of cancer that long after treatment have a good chance of remaining permanently free of the disease. But much research remains to be done to find methods of preventing and curing cancer.    Bibliography Allison, Trent. Background into Medicine. New York: Lincoln Press, 1982. Drummond, Phillip. Cancer. 1st ed. New York: Prentice Hall Publishers, 1984 Harris, Jules E.. "Cancer." Encyclopedia Britannica. 1993 ed. Sipp, Warren. Encyclopedia to Cancer. New York: National Academy Press,1989. Veels, Thomas. Science of Cancer. Washington DC, 1984.